This survey article is concerned with the modeling of the kinematical structure of quantum systems in an algebraic framework which eliminates certain conceptual and computational difficulties of the conventional approaches. Relying on the Heisenberg picture it is based on the resolvents of the basic canonically conjugate operators and covers finite and infinite quantum systems. The resulting C*-algebras, the resolvent algebras, have many desirable properties. On one hand they encode specific information about the dimension of the respective quantum system and have the mathematically comfortable feature of being nuclear, and for finite dimensional systems they are even postliminal. This comes along with a surprisingly simple structure of their representations. On the other hand, they are a convenient framework for the study of interacting as well as constrained quantum systems since they allow the direct application of C*-algebraic methods which often simplify the analysis. Some pertinent facts are illustrated by instructive examples.